Hola. En está lección vamos a
hablar de los verbos regulares en el presente que terminan en -ER. In this video lesson, we are
going to talk about regular verbs that end in -ER in the present
tense. Do you remember what you learned
about verbs that ended in -AR? We talked about the verb
'hablar' (to speak, to talk) and changed it or conjugated it. Yo hablo
nosotros/nosotras hablamos tú hablas
vosotros/vosotras habláis él habla
ellos hablan ella habla
ellas hablan usted habla
ustedes hablan Notice the endings for – AR
verbs: -o -amos -as -áis -a -an There is another type of
regular verbs, those that end in -ER Remember that they are called
regular verbs because the changes happen with the endings. For
regular verbs, you simply need to remove the infinitive ending to
find the stem, and then you can the add tense’s endings. For
example: Infinitive stem + -ar
endings(-o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an) hablar ------------> habl- Some – ER verbs include: comer (to eat) beber (to drink) leer (to read) deber (+inf) (should, must,
ought to [do something]) creer (en) (to think, to believe
[in]) aprender ( to learn) Let's change or conjugate an -ER
verb: comer
(to eat) yo como (I eat)
nosotros/nosotras comemos (we eat) tú comes (you eat)
vosotros/vosotras coméis (you eat) él come (he eats)
ellos comen (they eat) ella come (she eats)
ellas comen (they eat) usted come (you [formal] eat)
ustedes comen (you all eat) Did you notice the endings? Comer---------> com- + -o,
-es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en Let's try some sentences: Mi gata come mucho pescado. (My
cat eats a lot of fish.) Mi sobrino no come muchas
verduras. (My nephew does not eat many vegetables.) Ellos comen mucha pasta. (They
eat a lot of pasta.) Let' try another verb! Leer
(to read) yo leo
nosotros/nosotras leemos tú lees
vosotros/vosotras leéis él lee
ellos leen ella lee
ellas leen usted lee
ustedes leen
Los niños no leen mucho.
(Children do not read a lot.) Nosotros leemos el periódico.
(We read the newspaper.) Vosotros leéis las revistas de
moda. (You all read the fashion magazines.) Let's see if you understand by
translating and conjugating the -ER verbs: (I read lots of books) (She does not eat hamburger.) (Pepe does not eat vegetables.) (I do not eat liver.) (She likes to learn Spanish.) (Children should eat
vegetables.) (I think that languages are
important.) (Do you drink 8 glasses of water
a day?) (You should do your homework.)
Let's continue to learn the preterite regular of the _ER verbs in Spanish: Hola a todos. In this lesson, we’ll be continuing with the preterite. This time, we’re covering regular -er verbs. But just like with -ar verbs, the -er stem changers
can be lumped into this group as well. Irregulars are a completely
different story and those will eventually be covered! Enjoy!
In
this video, we will learn more about conjugating the verbs into the
preterite.As in the last video, we will work with regular -er verbs.
So,
let's review the rules of the last video by conjugating an -ER verb
in the present and the preterite.
vender
(To sell) Present Tense
yo
vendo nosotros/nosotras vendemos
(I
sell) (we sell)
tú
vendes vosotros/vosotras vendéis
(you
sell) (you sell )
informal used in Spain.
él
vende ellos venden
(he
sells) (they sell)
ella
vende ellas venden
(she
sells) (they sell)
usted
vende ustedes venden
(you
sell) (you sell)
formal
plural formal in Spain
vender
(To sell)Preterite
yo
vendí nosotros/nosotras vendimos
(I
sold) (we sold)
tú
vendiste vosotros/vosotras vendisteis
(you
sold) (you sold )
informal used in Spain.
él
vendió ellos vendieron
(he
sold) (they sold)
ella
vendió ellas vendieron
(she
sold) (they sold)
usted
vendió ustedes vendieron
(you
sold) formal (you sold)
plural formal in Spain
Notice:
-AR
verbs:
Nosotros
in the present and the preterite is the same.
-ER
verbs:
Nosotros
in the present and the preterite is different.
So,
when the verb has to ee like in leer and creer, they look a bit
different. We are going to conjugate them in the present tense and
the preterite tense and see the changes.
Present
Tense -leer (to read)
yo
leo nosotros/nosotras leemos
(I
read) (we read)
tú
lees vosotros/vosotras leéis
(you
read) (you read)
informal used in Spain.
él
lee ellos leen
(he
reads) (they read)
ella
lee ellas leen
(she
reads) (they read )
usted
lee ustedes leen
(you
read) (you read)
formal plural
formal in Spain
leer (To read) Preterite
yo
leí nosotros/nosotras leímos
(I
read) (we read )
tú
leiste vosotros/vosotras leísteis
(you
read) (you read)
informal used in Spain.
él
leyó ellos leyeron
(he
read) (they read)
ella
leyó ellas leyeron
(she
read) (they read)
usted
leyó ustedes leyeron
(you
read) formal (you read)
Notice
the changes from “i” to “y”. That is because the “i” is
between two vowels and is weaker. The “y” having a similar sound
it is use in its place.
Él
leyó instead of leió (sounds different and difficult)
ellos
leyeron instead of leieron.
Like
leer (to read), there is creer (to believe)
Present
Tense creer (to believe)
yo
creo nosotros/nosotras creemos
(I
believe) (we believe)
tú
crees vosotros/vosotras creéis
(you
believe) (you believe)
él
cree ellos creen
(he
believes) (they believe)
ella
cree ellas creen
(she
believes) (they believe)
usted
cree ustedes creen
(you
believe) (you believe)
Preterite
Tense creer (to believe)
yo
creí nosotros/nosotras creimos
(I
believed) (we believed)
tú
creíste vosotros/vosotras creísteis
(you
believed) (you believed)
él
creyó ellos creyeron
(he
believed) (they believed)
ella
creyó ellas creyeron
(she
believed) (they believed)
usted
creyó ustedes creyeron
(you
believed) (you believed)
Thanks
for watching!
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to subscribe! Leave comment or constructive suggestions below to
improve videos!
Learn Spanish-10 Rules to Help Know When a Noun is Masculine or Feminine-10 Reglas para Saber Cuando un Nombre es Masculino o Femenino
As we have been learning Spanish; we noticed that: Nouns Have Gender!!
So, What are nouns?
Nouns (un sustantivo) is a word that is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea.
English: male beings, female beings, or neuter things
male: man, grandfather, boy
Female: woman, grandmother, girl
Neuter: tree, yard, love
In Spanish, all nouns have gender. Even adjectives and numbers have gender as they describe the noun.
Masculine (for male)
Feminine (for female)
El niño (boy)
La niña (girl)
El hombre (man)
La mujer (woman)
El maestro (teacher)
La maestra (teacher)
El papá (dad)
La mamá (mom)
What about? Carro (car) flor (flower)
Are you confused yet?
We all have been taught that if a word ends in -o is masculine and in -a is feminine.
So, What happens when a word does not end in -o or -a?
We use:
Masculine: -L, -O, -N, -E, -R, -S and -Ma, -ta as in el mapa
Feminine: -A, -D, -ÓN, -Z, -IS, -IE, -UMBRE as in el agua (el instead of la as not to have two a+a)
10 Rules to Help Know When a Noun is Masculine or Feminine
Rule One: If a noun ends in -o, it's probably masculine
el libro, el huevo, el carro, el barco, el juego, el bolígrafo, el diccionatio, el escritorio, etc.
Exceptions: la mano, la fotografía, la radio ( some places it is a masculine word to refer to the electronic device)
Rule two: If a noun ends in -a, it's probably feminine.
La casa, la boca, la camisa, la ventana, la librería, la piscina, la oficina, la cartera, la alerta
Exceptions:el día, el mediodía, el sofá, el tranvía, el alerta. Greek origin words ending in :-ma, -ta and -pa are masculine: el idioma, el poema, el problema, el planeta, el mapa
The words are feminine but use”el” and “un since the emphasis is on the first syllable when is an “a” (as not to have a+a=la agua)
el agua, el águila, el área, el hacha (h is silent), el alma, el hada
When plural, these words use las and unas: las aguas, unas almas.
Use the feminine form of the adjective if there is one: El agua está fría. (The water is cold)
Rule Three: If a noun ends in -D, it's probably feminine
la libertad, la universidad, la ciudad, la verdad, la felicidad, la pared, la red, la sed, etc
Exceptions: el ataúd, el césped, el ardid
Rule Four: If a noun ends in -E, it's probably masculine or feminine
Masculine: el café, el tomate, el restaurante, el coche, el baile, el traje, el parque, el estante, el pie
Feminine: la carne, la noche, la gente, la leche, la calle, la sangre, la clase
Nouns ending in -aje and in -ambre might be masculine:
-aje: el equipaje, el paisaje, el viaje, el aterrizaje
-ambre: el calambre, el pelambre, el alambre, el enjambre
Exceptions: el hambre (h is silent like in agua and águila)
Tengo mucha hambre.
La pelambre, la raigambre
Nouns ending in -ie, -nte and -umbre will probably be feminine
la serie, la cumbre, la corriente, la fuente, la costumbre la incertidumbre, la superficie,etc
Exceptions: el diente, el puente,etc
Rule Five: If a noun ends in -L, it's probably masculine
el papel, e; árbol, el animal, el hospital, el material, el metal, el hotel
Exceptions: la sal, la piel, la cárcel, la miel, la vocal
Rule Six: If a noun ends in -N, it's probably masculine
el pan, el examen, el camión, el almacén, el capitán, el catalán el cinturón, el botón, etc
Exceptions: la imagen, la orden, la razón, la sartén (In many places of the Americas &
Spain it's used as masculine – el sartén)
If a noun ends in -ion, it's probably going to be feminine
la reunión, la televisión, la opinión, la nación, la acción, la canción, la religión,etc
Exceptions: el camión, el avión, el bastión, el escorpión
Rule Seven:If a noun ends in -R, it's probably masculine
el amor, el dolor, el sudor, el color, el calor, el valor, el rigor, el pulgar, el error, el mar,etc
Exceptions: la labor,la flor, la mar (Mariner language and poetry)
Rule Eight: If a noun ends in -S, it's probably masculine
el lunes,el viernes, el mes, el análisis, el gis (Mexico), el país, el inglés, el estrés, etc
Exceptions: la tos, la diabetes la mies, la res
Nouns ending in -sis will be feminine: la crisis, la dosis, la tesis,etc
Nouns ending in -itis will be feminine: la apendicitis, la artriris, la hepatitis, etc
Rule Nine: If a noun ends in -Z, it's probably feminine
la vez, la cruz, la luz, la paz, la voz, la nariz, la vejez, la nuez, la lucidez
Exceptions: el lapiz, el arroz, el pez, el matiz, el haz
Rule Ten: if a noun ends in vowel with an accent on it, it's probably masculine
el café, el té, el champú, el rubí, el tabú
Other nouns will change meaning depending on if they are masculine or feminine
masculine
feminine
El capital (capital money)
La capital (city)
El cura (priest)
La cura (cure)
El coma (coma)
La coma (comma)
El papa (pope)
La papa (potato)
El corte (cut)
La corte (court)
El frente (front)
La frente (forehead)
El cometa (comet)
La cometa (kite)
El mañana (tomorrow)
La mañana (morning)
El parte (message,report)
La parte (part, portion)
El pendiente (erring)
La pendiente (hill or slope)
El orden (order, arrangement)
La orden (order, command)
El pez (fish)
La pez (tar)
Animals show their gender in their names:
Masculine
Feminine
El perro (dog)
La perra
El caballo (horse)
La yegua
El gato (cat)
La gata
El gallo (rooster)
La gallina (hen)
El toro (bull)
La vaca (cow)
El pato (duck)
La pata
El león (lion)
La leona (lioness)
El venado (deer- buck)
La venada (deer-doe)
Other animals are either masculine or feminine by default and you have to specify “macho” or “hembra”
